Introduce

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The typical stages of a software development process can be categorised as follows:

Requirements gathering: the process of identifying and recording the exact requirements for a software project before it begins. This helps maintain a clear direction throughout development, and sets clear targets for what the software needs to do.
Design: where the requirements are translated into an overall design for the software. It covers what will be the basic software ‘components’ and how they will fit together, as well as the tools and technologies that will be used, which will together address the requirements identified in the first stage.
Implementation: the software is developed according to the design, implementing the solution that meets the requirements set out in the requirements gathering stage.
Testing: the software is tested with the intent to discover and rectify any defects, and also to ensure that the software meets its defined requirements, i.e. does it actually do what it should do reliably?
Deployment: where the software is deployed or in some way released, and used for its intended purpose within its intended environment.
Maintenance: where updates are made to the software to ensure it remains fit for purpose, which typically involves fixing any further discovered issues and evolving it to meet new or changing requirements.